INDONESIA ECONOMIC OUTLOOK 2008
December 2007
General Picture
The Indonesian people entered the year 2007 with great expectation that things would be better than in 2006 when the economy was rocked by soaring oil prices in the world market and increases in oil fuel (BBM) prices on the domestic market. The government's decision to raise the price of subsidized BBM in October, 2005 resulted in a slump notably in the manufacturing sector in 2006.
In 2007, the economic condition improved despite rising prices of crude oil to hit the US$ 100 per barrel level. The inflation in 2007 was kept low as the government maintained the prices of BBM, telephone and electricity tariffs. Meanwhile, Bank Indonesia cut its benchmark interest rate contributing to revival of the business sector.
In August-Sept. 2007 the world's economy was jolted by the U.S. sub-prime mortgage crisis causing a loss of billions of U.S. dollars to a number financial agencies in a number of countries. the world. Indonesia fared better. The country and a number of other Southeast countries, which have experienced monetary crisis in 1997 were better prepared to face the U.S. crisis.
However, the improvement of the country's macro economic indicators condition fell short of the people's expectation and the business sector in particular. The economic growth was not strong enough to reduce poverty and unemployment.
Based on data in the first three quarter of 2007, the country's economy was estimated to grow 6.5% (y on y) and exports 13%.
In the first three quarters of 2007 the country's GDP grew 6.52% stronger than 2006's growth of 5.48% in 2006.
The soaring prices of crude oil in the world market and the U.S. sub prime mortgage crisis dragged down the country's economic growth in 2007 Exports growth fell short of target because of the U.S. crisis. The main driver of economic growth in 2007 was the consumption sector which expanded 5.29% in 2007.
Indonesia's GDP has for the past several years been sustained by the household consumption sector and exports of goods and services. The world's economic crisis did not have direct impact on the country's economy because of the high household spending.
Meanwhile, the contribution of the government's consumption to the GDP growth has declined. In 2007, the contribution of the government's spending to the country's GDP was 7.42% or down from 8.63% in 2006.
The decline in the contribution of the government's consumption was caused by lower growth of the development budget. Low realization of the state budget also means the lower role of the state budget as and economic stimulant.
The finance ministry said by Nov. 30, 2007, state spending totaled Rp 535.5 trillion or 72% of the amount set in the revised 2007 state budget of Rp 746.4 trillion. Two weeks before the end of 2007, capital spending increased. According to the finance minister, realization of the budget for capital spending was estimated to reach 89.4% of the amount set in the revised 2007 state budget. The estimate was much higher than realization of 82.4% in 2006 and 60% in 2005.
The realization was higher than expected as two weeks earlier the realization was only 83% of the target. The surge in the realization gave rise to suspects of irregularities in the utilization of the state budget fund. The suspicion was mainly in the realization of the special fund allocation (DAK), which turned out to have been fully disbursed amounting to Rp 17.094 trillion. .......